Monkeypox: What You Need to Know

Monkeypox Resurfaces Amidst Waning Awareness

In May 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported monkeypox cases in 23 non-endemic countries, prompting concerns about a potential outbreak.

However, a recent survey reveals a decline in public knowledge about monkeypox since the 2022 outbreak, highlighting the need for renewed awareness and education.

Current Situation at a Glance

• As of May 2022, no clear connection exists between reported cases and travel to endemic countries or contact with infected animals.
• The Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) remains the highest level of alarm under international health law.
• WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has called for the declaration of a PHEIC based on the spread and severity of the virus.

Symptoms and Prevention

Monkeypox symptoms typically include fever, headache, muscle aches, and a characteristic rash.

Prevention measures include:

• Avoiding contact with infected individuals or animals
• Practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing
• Getting vaccinated, if available

History of Monkeypox

Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 in colonies of monkeys kept for research.

Until the 2022 outbreak, the virus was primarily found in central and western Africa, with occasional cases in other regions due to travel or contact with infected animals.

Smallpox Vaccination and Monkeypox

Smallpox vaccination, which was once widespread, provided cross-protection against monkeypox.

However, with the eradication of smallpox and the discontinuation of smallpox vaccination, immunity to monkeypox has declined, increasing the risk of outbreaks.

Conclusion

The recent resurgence of monkeypox underscores the need for continued vigilance and public education.

By understanding the symptoms, prevention measures, and history of monkeypox, individuals can protect themselves and their communities from this potentially serious disease.